INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION SYSTEM

Information system is made up of two terms Information and System. Here information can define as processed meaningful data or well structured data and system is the set of components that can able to take inputs and provide you output.

So it can be defined as

“Information system is the set of components that take data as input and provide meaningful information as output after processing the data”.

Note1: Data is raw, Facts and figures.

Note2: processing include computation, Sorting or analysis.

Further we use this information for preparing strategies, making decisions and controlling the operation of the organization.

For example there is an organization, which basically produces tables. There is an IS who provides details of number of resources available for making tables. This IS help the manager for manages the operation of organization on the basis of information.

Information system not only capable to store data it also capable to store, retrieve it.

The two basic component of Information System

1.  Resources
2. Actives

Resources include the entire component that is helps IS in performing their functionality or take parts in making them like people, hardware, software, Networking components, Data, Information.

Activities include all the actions performed by Information system like Input, output, storing, retrieving and processing.

First components of Information System Resources:  

1. People: people include all the persons who is participating in some ways, this include skilled developer who prepare information system, person who enters the data in information system and thirds one is end user.
2.  Software: software includes all type of software likes system software which provide run time environment and application software that process the data.
3.  Hardware: hardware includes input, output and storage devices. I/P and O/P device is used to give input and show output where as Storage device is used to store data.
4.  Networking Device: Networking device include router, switch, hub, cables which are used to connect with outside world and share information at remote place.
5.  Data: Data is the basic component of information system which is the basic building block of information. It is raw facts and figures which are used to prepare information.

Another component of information system is activity

1. Input: In this activity data is provided by the user to the system. Inputs are given through inputs device like mouse keyboard.    
2. Output: In this activity information is displayed on the output device.
3. Processing: processing include doing some computation, analyses and sorting the data so that information can be provided to end user. This information is further used to for making decision, making decision, preparing strategies.   
4. Storing and Retrieving: In this activity the data is storing and retrieving of data on hard drives is take place.

NEED OF INFORMTION SYSTEM IN BUSINESS ACTIVITES  

IS are used in various purpose in business activity like managing transaction, controlling operation of organization, for enterprise collaboration, managerial support, decision support and making strategies.

On the basis of need of information system, we can able to categorize IS in following types

1. Operation support system
2. Management support system
3. Expert system.

Operation support system is a type Information system that is used to control transaction and process of the organization. It is also used to share information between enterprises. Transaction means exchanging information, resources or money.  It is the one of the important operation of the organization in which exchange of information, exchange of goods between two parties and exchange of money take place and operation support system help in providing information about daily transaction, like transaction get completed and left. It is also used to exchange information between two organizations so that relationship between two enterprises can take place.

Management Support system is a type of information system that provides information that is used in making strategies, taking decision.

Expert System is the system that is capable of takes smart decision by analyzing the data and can able to provide information that is very much near to realistic. They are capable enough to update data and providing expert advice to the organization.         

                          

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